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Auburn University
Auburn University (AU or Auburn) is a public university located in Auburn, Alabama, United States. With more than 20,000 undergraduate students, and a total of over 25,000 students and 1,200 faculty members, it is one of the largest universities in the state.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Auburn University )〕 Auburn was chartered on February 7, 1856, as the East Alabama Male College,〔(About Auburn ) Office of Undergraduate Recruiting and University Scholarships. Retrieved on 2012-08-20〕 a private liberal arts school affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. In 1872, the college became the state's first public land-grant university under the Morrill Act and was renamed the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama. In 1892, the college became the first four-year coeducational school in the state. The curriculum at the university originally focused on arts and agriculture. This trend changed under the guidance of Dr. William Leroy Broun, who taught classics and sciences and believed both disciplines were important in the overall growth of the university and the individual. The college was renamed the Alabama Polytechnic Institute (API) in 1899, largely because of Dr. Broun's influence.〔 The college continued expanding, and in 1960 its name was officially changed to Auburn University to acknowledge the varied academic programs and larger curriculum of a major university. It had been popularly known as "Auburn" for many years.〔(A Short History of Auburn University, 1856–1984 ). Retrieved April 2, 2008.〕 In 1964, under Federal Court mandate AU admitted its first African American student.〔("Auburn University's first black student: 'Happened to be at the right place at the right time'" ). AL.com, June 10, 2013.〕 Auburn is among the few American universities designated as a land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant research center.
==History==
(詳細はMethodist Church in 1859.〔Anson West, ''History of Methodism in Alabama'' (Nashville: Methodist Episcopal Church South, 1893), 738–739.〕 The first president of the institution was Reverend William J. Sasnett, and the school opened its doors in 1859 to a student body of eighty and a faculty of ten. The early history of Auburn is inextricably linked with the Civil War and the Reconstruction-era South. Classes were held in "Old Main" until the college was closed due to the Civil War, when most of the students and faculty left to enlist. The campus was used as a training ground for the Confederate Army, and "Old Main" served as a hospital for Confederate wounded.
To commemorate Auburn's contribution to the Civil War, a cannon lathe used for the manufacture of cannons for the Confederate Army and recovered from Selma, Alabama, was presented to Auburn in 1952 by brothers of Delta Chapter of the Alpha Phi Omega fraternity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= The Cannon Lathe plaque )〕 It sits today on the lawn next to Samford Hall.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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